Radiator
The radiator serves for cooling of cooling liquid which heats up, passing through cooling shirt of the engine. The radiator is in a forward part of the car and consists of the top and bottom tanks and a core connecting both tanks. The top tank has bringing branch pipe for the cooling liquid arriving from a cooling shirt, and a bulk mouth. The hose through which there is a surplus of cooling liquid or steam is brought to this tank also. The bottom tank has taking-away branch pipe and the crane serving for plum of cooling liquid, the Core consists of a large number of tubes on which cooling liquid passes from the top tank to bottom, and the plates of cooling which are taking away heat from liquid, proceeding in tubes. The air which is soaked up by the fan of a radiator, and the stream of air arising at movement of the car, passing through a radiator also cool it. On the bottom tank the oil radiator for cooling of transmission liquid of an automatic transmission is established. Radiator cover
The radiator cover densely closes a radiator, creating in it necessary pressure at expansion of cooling liquid. This pressure interferes with boiling of cooling liquid even at temperature from above 100°С. The safety (reduktsionny) valve and the vacuum valve (the depression valve) are built in a cover of a radiator. The safety valve is intended for release of steam through a perepuskny tube when the pressure arising in system of cooling, exceeds limiting value (temperature of cooling liquid – 110–120°C; pressure – 58,8–103,0 kPas). The vacuum valve opens and reduces pressure in cooling system after a car stop therefore the temperature of cooling liquid decreases, and it comes back to a broad tank. Broad tank
At thermal expansion cooling liquid flows from a radiator in a broad tank. When the temperature of cooling liquid decreases, it from a tank comes back to a radiator. Thus, there is a filling of a radiator and loss of cooling liquid is prevented. If there is a need to add in a radiator cooling liquid, it is necessary to check liquid level in a broad tank. Water pump
This pump is used for compulsory circulation of cooling liquid in cooling system. The pump is established on a forward part of the block of cylinders and is put in action by a belt. Thermostat
In the car the thermostat with the wax filler, established on a taking-away branch pipe of a radiator is used. The thermostat has the automatic valve reacting to fluctuations of temperature of cooling liquid. This valve is closed at reduction of temperature of liquid, providing its circulation only through cooling shirt of the engine that provides fast its warming up. When the temperature of liquid increases, the valve opens and liquid circulation through a radiator renews. The wax which was in the thermostat extends when heating and is compressed when cooling. Thus, wax expansion at its heating creates the pressure surpassing effort of a spring, holding the valve in a closed position therefore the valve opens. Wax compression at its cooling reduces the effort forcing a spring again to close the valve. Temperature of the beginning of opening of the thermostat 86,5°С.
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